Silymarin
Named on the panel
Milk thistle extract, and the ingredient a liver supplement is most expected to contain. NCCIH says trials in liver disease have been conflicting or too limited to allow conclusions, and that two NIH-supported trials found no benefit. No amount is published on this product.
Betaine
The one with a drug label
Betaine anhydrous is a prescription medicine in its own right — Cystadane, approved for homocystinuria at 6 grams a day. That is the only firm dose figure attached to any ingredient on this pack, and this pack publishes no amount to compare it with.
Berberine
The one to ask a pharmacist about
Sloan Kettering reports that repeated oral berberine significantly decreased CYP2D6, 2C9 and 3A4 activity in human studies, and warns that it may worsen jaundice in infants. It states no dose of its own, only “a dose used in some studies”.
Molybdenum
A deficiency almost nobody has
The NIH gives a 45 mcg Daily Value and a 2,000 mcg upper limit, and records that no known group is likely to have inadequate intakes and that deficiency has not been reported except with a rare genetic mutation. It is hard to say what this is correcting.
Glutathione
No established oral dose
The body's principal cellular antioxidant, which it synthesises itself. No public health body publishes a reference intake or an agreed oral dose, and its oral bioavailability is the long-running question in the literature.
Camellia sinensis
The one with a liver warning
The tea plant, sold in supplements as green tea extract. NCCIH: “Although uncommon, liver injury has been reported in some people who used green tea products, primarily green tea extracts in tablet or capsule form.” On a liver product, with no amount published, that is the sharpest sentence on this page.
Resveratrol
Image only
Appears in the brand's own image set and nowhere in the written material. We cannot tell you whether it is in the capsule.
Choline
Image only
Same position. An essential nutrient, named by a photograph's filename and by nothing else we were given.
Genistein
Image only
Same position. A soy isoflavone with its own hormonal literature, which would matter a good deal if it were confirmed to be in here.
Chlorogenic acid
Image only
Same position. The green coffee bean polyphenol. Ten ingredient images, six named ingredients, and no panel to settle the difference.